Could be:

• Dust buildup forcing high RPM to keep temps in check.
• Thermal paste aging; temperatures spike quickly.
• Background load from updaters, indexing, or malware.
• Aggressive fan curve in BIOS/utility; needs tuning.
• Bearing wear on older fans.

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What it might be (likely causes)

• Dust & airflow restriction
  Lint mats over heatsink fins make the fan work overtime. Even a thin layer can raise temps enough to push fans to max. If the system also feels warm, start here. Aging‑hardware patterns: /posts/top-problems-10-year-old-pcs/