Nostr: Does NIP-05 prove someone’s real-world identity?

Short answer

No. NIP-05 shows that a domain's published mapping points to a particular public key. It does not independently verify a person's legal name, job, or ownership of every account using that domain. A domain owner could change the mapping. For consequential claims, confirm the key through another trusted channel and treat the identifier as one clue, not a universal identity certificate.

Sources

NIP-05: Internet identifiers.